The Mongols and Russian leaders

Russian leaders:

• Ivan the Great
• Ivan the Terrible
• Michael Romanov
• Peter the Great
• (probably will have to be compared to Louis XIV on the test, so watch out!)

• Boyard nobility and the Junkers--> What is the difference?
• Boyards are Russian
• were the nobility
• Junkers were Prussian noble landowners-- known as the “officer class”
• they commanded the peasantry in the army

The Mongol Yoke:

• The Mongol Yoke was the struggle that the Russians had to endure as the Mongols ruled for more than 200 years (or more popularly-- an excuse to make terrible egg puns).
• Kiev was a strong state before the Mongols came, but they resisted and were killed
• Princes of Moscow embraced the Mongols and became the Mongol’s proxy rulers (proxy rulers are people who are put in charge of an area in the real leader’s absence)
• Ivan the Terrible:

Definitely looks terrible

• Ivan the Terrible gets rid of the Mongols and throws off the Mongol Yoke, becoming the first tsar of Russia after majestically crowning himself
• Ivan declared war on the ruminating Mongol power
• Ivan was not a nice ruler and killed many people in his efforts to train people as sevenths of the tsar
• Then  came the “Time of Troubles”
• After this is Michael Romanoff, the grandson of Ivan the Terrible-- people agree that he should be the tsar
• his election restored the tsarist absolutism
• his family rules for some 300 years after this
• Absolutism and reform in Eastern Europe-- Peter the Great
• Peter the Great-
• Wanted to westernize Russia and make them a world power
• He was not as great as we would have hoped he would be
• He attempted to westernize Russia through:
• western homes
• beards/clothes
• St. Petersburg
• They want to catch up to the west

Shave or pay a fine-- people were not too happy about that one

• militarization
• everyone had to participate-- a service society
• preparing for the Great Northern War against the Swedish
• Peter was trying to make Russia great, but created a Western Eurocentric view of life.